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A distinctive ITF body motion in which the practitioner's body rises slightly at the beginning of a movement and then drops and rises again with each technique, generating power through gravitational momentum.
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The ready position adopted before free or semi free sparring, with the body angled sideways, guard hands raised, and weight balanced for both attack and defense.
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A sharp, explosive exhalation and vocal sound released during the delivery of a powerful technique. The kihap tightens the core muscles and maximizes power output.
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The practice of breaking boards, tiles, or other materials to demonstrate the power and accuracy of a technique. In ITF competition, power breaking is a graded event alongside patterns and sparring.
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The training uniform worn during Taekwon-Do practice, consisting of a jacket, trousers, and a colored belt indicating rank. The white color symbolizes purity and a beginner's open mindset.
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The deliberate management of breathing during training and pattern performance, exhaling sharply upon impact and inhaling during transitions. Proper breath control is integral to the sine wave motion of ITF Taekwon-Do.